剑桥雅思阅读AUSTRALIA’SSPORTINGSUCCESS及答案解析（11天搞定雅思阅读-Day 11 Reading Gap Fill）

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本文目录一览：

• 1、剑桥雅思阅读AUSTRALIA’SSPORTINGSUCCESS及答案解析
• 2、11天搞定雅思阅读-Day 11 Reading Gap Fill
• 3、雅思阅读段落细节题特点解析

剑桥雅思阅读AUSTRALIA’SSPORTINGSUCCESS及答案解析

做好雅思的阅读题除了掌握对的 方法 ，也离不开我们日常的辛勤练习，下面我给大家带来剑桥雅思阅读AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS及答案解析，一起加油吧！

剑桥雅思阅读AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS

READING PASSAGE 1

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.

AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS

A They play hard, they play often, and they play to win. Australian sports teams win more than their fair share of titles, demolishing rivals with seeming ease. How do they do it? A big part of the secret is an extensive and expensive network of sporting academies underpinned by science and medicine. At the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS), hundreds of youngsters and pros live and train under the eyes of coaches. Another body, the Australian Sports Commission (ASC), finances programmes of excellence in a total of 96 sports for thousands of sport*en and women. Both provide intensive coaching, training facilities and nutritional advice.

B Inside the academies, science takes centre stage. The AIS employs more than 100 sports scientists and doctors, and collaborates with scores of others in universities and research centres. AIS scientists work across a number of sports, applying skills learned in one — such as building muscle strength in golfers — to others, such as swimming and squash. They are backed up by technicians who design instruments to collect data from athletes. They all focus on one aim: winning. ‘We can’t waste our time looking at ethereal scientific questions that don’t help the coach work with an athlete and improve performance,’ says Peter Fricker, chief of science at AIS.

C A lot of their work comes down to measurement — everything from the exact angle of a swimmer’s dive to the second-by-second power output of a cyclist. This data is used to wring improvements out of athletes. The focus is on individuals, tweaking performances to squeeze an extra hundredth of a second here, an extra millimetre there. No gain is too slight to bother with. It’s the tiny, gradual improvements that add up to world-beating results. To demonstrate how the system works, Bruce Mason at AIS shows off the prototype of a 3D *ysis tool for studying swimmers. A wire-frame model of a champion swimmer slices through the water, her arms moving in slow motion. Looking side-on, Mason measures the distance between strokes. From above, he *yses how her spine swivels. When fully developed, this system will enable him to build a biomechanical profile for coaches to use to help budding swimmers. Mason’s contribution to sport also includes the development of the SWAN (Swimming Analysis) system now used in Australian national competitions. It collects images from digital cameras running at 50 frames a second and breaks down each part of a swimmer’s performance into factors that can be *ysed individually — stroke length, stroke frequency, average duration of each stroke, velocity, start, lap and finish times, and so on. At the end of each race, SWAN spits out data on each swimmer.

D ‘Take a look,’ says Mason, pulling out a sheet of data. He points out the data on the swimmers in second and third place, which shows that the one who finished third actually swam faster. So why did he finish 35 hundredths of a second down? ‘His turn times were 44 hundredths of a second behind the other guy,’ says Mason. ‘If he can improve on his turns, he can do much better.’ This is the kind of accuracy that AIS scientists’ research is bringing to a range of sports. With the Cooperative Research Centre for Micro Technology in Melbourne, they are developing unobtrusive sensors that will be embedded in an athlete’s clothes or running shoes to monitor heart rate, sweating, heat production or any other factor that might have an impact on an athlete’s ability to run. There’s more to it than simply measuring performance. Fricker gives the example of athletes who may be down with coughs and colds 11 or 12 times a year. After years of experimentation, AIS and the University of Newcastle in New South Wales developed a test that measures how much of the immune-system protein immunoglobulin A is present in athletes’ saliva. If IgA levels suddenly fall below a certain level, training is eased or dropped altogether. Soon, IgA levels start rising again, and the danger passes. Since the tests were introduced, AIS athletes in all sports have been remarkably successful at staying healthy.

E Using data is a complex business. Well before a championship, sports scientists and coaches start to prepare the athlete by developing a ‘competition model’, based on what they expect will be the winning times.’ You design the model to make that time,’ says Mason.’ A start of this much, each free-swimming period has to be this fast, with a certain stroke frequency and stroke length, with turns done in these times.’ All the training is then geared towards making the athlete hit those targets, both overall and for each segment of the race. Techniques like these have transformed Australia into arguably the world’s most successful sporting nation.

F Of course, there’s nothing to stop other countries copying — and many have tried. Some years ago, the AIS unveiled coolant-lined jackets for endurance athletes. At the Atlanta Olympic Games in 1996, these sliced as much as two per cent off cyclists’ and rowers’ times. Now everyone uses them. The same has happened to the ‘altitude tent’, developed by AIS to replicate the effect of altitude training at sea level. But Australia’s success story is about more than easily copied technological fixes, and up to now no nation has replicated its all-encompassing system.

剑桥雅思阅读AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS题目

Questions 1-7

Reading Passage 1 has six paragraphs, A-F.

Which paragraph contains the following information?

Write the correct letter, A-F, in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.

NB You may use any letter more than once.

1 a reference to the exchange of expertise between different sports

2 an explanation of how visual imaging is employed in investigations

3 a reason for narrowing the scope of research activity

4 how some AIS ideas have been reproduced

5 how obstacles to optimum achievement can be investigated

6 an overview of the funded support of athletes

7 how performance requirements are calculated before an event

Questions 8-11

Classify the following techniques according to whether the writer states they

A are currently exclusively used by Australians

B will be used in the future by Australians

C are currently used by both Australians and their rivals

Write the correct letter, A, B or C, in boxes 8-11 on your answer sheet.

8 cameras

9 sensors

10 protein tests

11 altitude tents

Questions 12 and 13

Answer the questions below.

Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS ANDIOR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 12 and 13 on your answer sheet.

12 What is produced to help an athlete plan their performance in an event?

13 By how much did some cyclists’ performance improve at the 1996 Olympic Games?

剑桥雅思阅读AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS答案

Question 1

答案：B

关键词：exchange of expertise, between different sports/collaborate, across a number of sports

定位原文：B段第2、3句“...and collaborates with… a number of sports …”

解题思路: 题干中讲到不同体育领域的专业知识交流正好跟原文中跨不同体育专家之间的合作相对应，理解意思即可容易找到正确答案。

Question 2

答案：C

关键词: visual imaging/3D, image

定位原文: C段第6句: “...shows off the prototype of a 3D *ysis …”

解题思路: 通过题干中的视频成像可以很容易找到原文中对应的3D和成像。

Question 3

答案：B

关键词: a reason for narrowing/ can’t waste time

定位原文: B段最后1句: “We can’t waste our time looking…”

解题思路: 题目中的research activity和原文中的scientific questions 属于同义表达，定位答题区域，发现此句话所要表达的意思是不在一些飘渺的、不切实际的科学问题上浪费时间，也就是说要缩小研究的范围。

Question 4

答案：F

关键词：AIS ideas reproduce/ copying

定位原文: F段第1句话 “Of course, there’s nothing…”

解题思路: 题干中的reproduce是复制的意思，之后从 文章 中发现 句子 有复制copying，即可以直接定位。

Question 5

答案：D

关键词：Obstacle, investigated/ impact, monitor

定位原文: D段第6句“... to monitor heart rate…”

解题思路: 题干提到理想成绩的障碍是如何被调查研究的，而读到对应句子之后看到正好是sensors(传感器)对于运动员跑步的impact(影响)进行研究的仪器，而且obstacles和impact对应。

Question 6

答案：A

关键词：Overview, funded support finance

定位原文: A段倒数第2句 “...finances programmes of excellence…”

解题思路: finances是解题关键，意思为资助，正好跟题干中funded support表达了相同的义项，直接对应。而且之后一句话提及以上项目所提供的服务和建议，可以确信答案。

Question 7

答案：E

关键词：Calculated before an event/ using data, well before a championship

定位原文: E段第1句、第2句 “Using data is a complex business. Well before a championship, ...”

解题思路: 首先通过well before a championship和文章中before an event定位到E段， 之后发现后面提及的“竞争模型”作用就是计算时间和速率，因此内容对应上calculate，此时可断定答案的位置。

Question 8

答案：A

关键词: digital cameras

定位原文: C段倒数第3句: “..SWAN system now used in Australian national…”

解题思路: 前一句已经提到该系统已广泛应用于澳大利亚各项全国赛事之中，而没有提到其他国家，因此可以判断应该只有澳大利亚人在使用。

Question 9

答案：B

关键词：sensor

定位原文: D段第7句：“...With the Cooperative Research Centre for Micro…”

解题思路: 找到相同对应词sensor，读其前后的句子，发现有 Melbourne，断定是澳大利亚人的发明。之后要特别留心动词develop运用现在进行时，表示正在开发;而且注意之后的定语从句采用了将来时，所以可以断定此发明还没有完成，应该属于将来的成果。因此选择B。

Question 10

答案: A

关键词：protein

定位原文: D段倒数第4句: “… AIS and the University of Newcastle…”

解题思路: 非常容易在前面第一句话中找到跟题目protein tests所对应的词语a test ...protein。之后细读前后句，发现后面一句话对于此项科技成果的受益者文章中只提到AIS运动员，即澳大利亚体育学院的运动员，隶属于澳大利亚，所以应该选择A。

Question 11

答案：C

关键词: altitude tent

定位原文: F段倒数第2句: “The same has happened to the ‘altitude tent ’…”

解题思路: 文章中很容易找到用引号括起来的题目中的名词 短语 ，因此只要细心读原句，就会发现开头的‘The same has happened...’同样的事情也发生在……根据 经验 应该顺着文章向上追溯，发现跟‘altitude tent’相同情况的是1996年奥运会上澳大利亚人受益的流线型散热运动服现在全世界都在用。因此 ‘altitude tent’也被世界各国应用。所以答案应该选择C。且根据此段话大意可以了解文章只提到两种研究成果被别国运用，即髙原帐蓬和流线型散热服。所以可以间接判断前三项成果是由澳大利人独享的。

Question 12

答案： (a)competition model

关键词： help an athlete plan, produced / prepare the athlete by, developing

定位原文: E段第1句“Using data…”

解题思路: Help an athlete plan their performance 对应上prepare the athlete by之后，要认真研究题目所问的是what is produced,断定所作答案必定要填一个名词。因此要细读原文发现有单词developing恰与produced相对应，中文意思是“开发”，则答案必定是开发之后的名词。

Question 13

答案： (by)2 percent/%

关键词： 19% Olympic Games, cyclists, improve

定位原文: F段第3句“At the Atlanta…”

解题思路: 分析问句是 ‘By how much... improve’，意思为“提高了多少”，可以判断出答案需要写一个数字。因此仔细阅读相关语句找到 sliced as much as two per cent off cyclists ‘and rowers’ time。很快就可以找到数字百分之二

。

11天搞定雅思阅读-Day 11 Reading Gap Fill

您好，我是专注留学考试规划和留学咨询的小钟老师。留学申请的每一步都充满挑战，我在这里为您提供从留学目的地选择到申请材料准备的全方位支持。您的留学梦想，我们一同实现，敬请访问！

【跟着我们走，高分在招手】·【雅思备考·阅读篇】
雅思考试中，有可能会有填空题。
在这一部分中，你需要在给出的词中选择合适的词把文章一部分的summary补充完整。
可供选择的词语比实际需要的词语多，因此，你先要找出需要填空的部分是文章哪一部分的summary,然后选择最恰当的词语。
填空时还需要考虑语法的正确性。
以下是一些答题时的常规策略。
Strategies for Reading Gap Fill Tasks
1. 认真阅读并理解summary；
2. 找出summary对应的部分（下面的例子是对全文的总结，但在考试中，summary只是对部分段落的总结）；
3. 仔细阅读summary中的第一个句子，并思考第一个空缺的词是形容词、名词，还是不定式；
4. 然后从可选择的此种找出最合适的词，并确保词性正确；
5. 找到原文进行对照。
这5点可以帮助你顺利完成这部分的测试。
Reading Gap Fill Practice
Air Rage
The first recorded case of an airline passenger turning seriously violent during a flight, a phenomenon now widely known as “air rage”, happened in 1947 on a flight from Havana to Miami. A drunk man assaulted another passenger and bit a flight attendant. However, the man escaped punishment because it was not then clear under whose legal control a crime committed on plane was, the country where the plane was registered or the country where the crime was committed. In 1963, at the Tokyo convention, it was decided that the laws of the country where the plane is registered take precedence.
The frequency of air rage has expanded out of proportion to the growth of air travel. Until recently few statistic were gathered about air rage, but those that have been indicate that passengers are increasingly likely to cause trouble or engage in violent acts. For example, in 1998 there were 266 air rage incidents out of approximately four million passengers, a 400% increase from 1995. In the same period American Airlines showed a 200% rise. Air travel is predicted to rise by 5% internationally by 2023 leading to increased airport congestion. This, coupled with the flying public’s increased aggression, means that air rage may become a major issue in coming years.
Aside from discomfort and disruption, air rage poses some very real dangers to flying. The most extreme of these is when out of control passengers enter the cockpit. This has actually happened on a number of occasions, the worst of which have resulted in the death and injury of pilots or the intruder taking control of the plane, almost resulting in crashes. In addition, berserk passengers sometimes attempt to open the emergency doors while in flight, putting the whole aircraft in danger. These are extreme examples and cases of air rage more commonly result in physical assaults on fellow passengers and crew such as throwing objects, punching, stabbing or scalding with hot coffee.
Look at the words in the table and decide which word will fit in the reading gap fill summary. Type the word into the gap (when you have completed it you can click below to reveal and check your answers).
predictedroseincidentpassengerfoundassaultestablishedoccurringhopedincreasedinjurypassengers Summary
The first time that an (1)______of air rage was recorded was in the 1940’s, but the passenger was never actually charged for an offence because there were no clear rules in place to specify where to prosecute. It was later (2)_______that it would be the country where the plane is registered. Air rage has (3) _______significantly since this time, growing by a staggering 400% from 1995 to 1998. Air rage is (4)________to be a major problem in the future as air travel increases, as do levels of aggression. Angry (5)______can put everyone in danger including the pilots, the crew and the other passengers, with some form of (6)_______being the most common consequence.
大家根据今天讲到的5点联系一下吧！
答案请戳：11天搞定雅思阅读-Day 11 Reading Gap Fill 【练习答案】
上期文章：11天搞定雅思阅读-Day10 IELTS Short Answer Questions

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雅思速成 之 "必看专题" 详情请戳图~

>>点击查看雅思考试专题，阅读更多相关文章！

我希望以上的解答能为您的留学规划添砖加瓦。留学之路虽曲折，却不孤单。如有更多疑惑或需要进一步了解，我们的官方网站随时欢迎您。那里有更详尽的留学资讯和专家团队的*指导，助您顺利走上留学之路。期待与您的每一次相遇，祝申请顺利！

雅思阅读段落细节题特点解析

段落细节配对题的题型特点

1. 题型位置

纵观剑桥系列真题，尤其是近几年出版的剑桥雅思7-11, 专家发现，段落细节配对总是出现在第一题型，并且会出现题目要求：Which paragraph contains the followinginformation?

从第一题型的位置来看，我们发现它和List of Headings是一样的，也就是说，同一篇文章，这两个题型只会出现其中一个。道理其实很简单，因为这两个题型都是考察段落的，一个考察细节，另一个却考察主旨，如果同时在一篇文章，那么对段落的考察考点重复，所以只会保留其中一个。

2. 完全乱序

因为答案是文章的段落号，所以题号和段落号一定是乱序的。

3. 题量：4-7题

4. NB youmay use any letter more than once

只要出现NB, 表明一定有一个选项(段落)会被重复使用一次。NB的出现无疑是加大了这道题的难度，如果有题已经选了C段，如果没有NB, 这段可以跳过进入下一段，但是如果有NB出现，我们还得老老实实地把这一自然段读完，确保复选选项。

段落细节配对做题方法

在分析段落细节题的特点时，我们知道它是第一题型，考试时“我们要不要按照顺序，先把段落细节配对拿下呢?”答案是：Ofcourse, not!! Definitely not!!! 理由很充分：它要求我们寻找题干和文章中某段中某句话的同义改写，而我们对文章完全不了解的情况下，是很难在茫茫词海中找寻答案的，所以只能仔细阅读文章了，文章1500-2000字，通读一遍，不仅耗时，而且很有可能吃力不讨好，完全找不到答案，因为文中的句子一定大幅度同义改写了。所以段落细节配对，我们要靠后做，先做顺序原则的细节题，对文章有一定了解之后，再去搜寻答案，会事半功倍。

这一大题是乱序的，所以专家们提醒广大考生，我们一定要把这一大题里的所有关键词全部划出来，到文章中寻找答案。划取关键词，对烤鸭们来说已经非常熟悉了，但是段落细节配对，作为最难的题型，它在题干设计上可是下了一番苦心呢。下面，专家带领大家来一睹它的芳容。

首先，我们要熟悉绝对不能划的词：

标题词和主题词。拿到一篇文章，首先要留意标题，了解整篇文章的讨论主体，在做题时，如果与标题有关系的词出现在题干中，这类词一定不能划。

“

剑7 Test1 Let’s Go bats这篇文章一定是围绕蝙蝠来讲的，所以如果题干中出现蝙蝠，可以不划。

剑6 Test4 Passage1 Doctoring sales医生**，很明显是说医疗的，副标题：Pharmaceuticalsis one of the most profitable industries in North America. But do the drugsindustry’s sales and marketing strategies go too far? 我们不难看出这篇文章是说医药代表和医生的关系的，所以题干中出现：doctor、drug、sale*an、sales representative可以不用划出来。

若干小题反复出现的词。段落细节配对题的数量大概是4-7题，如果我们发现有一类词在题干中反复出现，也不用划，因为它不能帮我们定位段落。

假大空的词。An account of、the fact that、a reference to、a deion of、an effect of, 看似这些词都是名词，但是它们都没有意义，只是告诉我们这句话描述了，说了，提到了，所以看到即跳过。

其次，我们一定要留心要划的词：

A.数字类(*数字，分数，百分数，货币符号+数字)

剑7 Test2 Passage2 The True Cost of food

14. A costinvolved in purifying domestic water

剑9 Test2 Passage1

6. The estimated proportionof children in New Zealand with auditoryproblems.

剑9 Test4 Passage2 Young children’s sense ofidentity

16. The ageat which children can usually identify a staticimage of themselves.

段落细节配对，顾名思义，让考生们带着题干中比较宽泛的信息到文章中寻找相对来说较细节、较具体的信息，那么这三道题出现了：cost、proportion、age, 这三个词如何具体，很简单：就是数字，文中的句子一定具体告诉读者是多少钱，百分之多少和具体的几岁。文中分别出现了：$23m for removal of the bugcryptosporidium from drinking water、6-10% of children和during the second birthday。

B. 首字母大写(地名，住址机构名，专有名词)

剑9 Test4 Passage2

18. A reference to apossible link between cultureand a particularform of behaviour.

题干中出现culture, 很多考生可能会困惑，为什么culture和大写有关，culture是文化的意思，不同的国家和地区才会有不同的文化，所以这个词的出现暗示着这段的某句话里有首字母大写的表示国家地点的词。

剑9 Test3 Passage2 Tidal Power

14. The locationof the first test site

题干中出现location, 地点，位置，文中一定具体说在哪里，所以有大写，并且可以精确到街道和门牌号码，所以还有可能大写的旁边有数字。

剑9 Test 1 Passage1

2. A deion of a global team effort.

global team effort全球团队合作，“全球”在文章中如何细化，会出现international、world等词，或者这段出现表示国家的大写单词。

C. 名词复数(举例，并列结构)

剑7 Test1 Let’s Go Bats

1. Examples of wildlife other than bats which donot rely on vision to navigate by.

题干中出现examples, 说明该段一定会具体举例动物，如：insects、deep-see fish、whales、dolphins等。

剑7 Test2

15. The stagesin the development of the farming industry.

题干中出现stages, 表示阶段或步骤，也就是说农业并不是一蹴而就的，而是经历了若干阶段，那么阶段与阶段之间，一定会有衔接词，如：first、second、next、followed by、and then; 或者出现表示时间的词：in the 1990s、while in the 2000s。

17. One effect of chemicalson water sources.

这道题出现了两个名词复数，一个是chemicals, 化学物质，也就是说文中一定会有具体的化学物质，但是这个词偏学术，可能出现的词会超出预计;而另外一个复数名词：watersources水源，这个就好想多了，水的源头无外乎江河湖海，小溪，冰川等，所以文中会出现不止一个词：river、sea、ocean、lake、stream、glacier。

D. 否定词(表示否定意义的词)

剑9 Test 4 Passage2

17. A reason for the limitations of scientific research into “self-as-subject”.

题干中出现limitations, 表示局限或是障碍，那么文中定位到的句子一定会有同样表示困难的词：Empiricalinvestigations of the self-as-subject in young children are, however, ratherscarcebecause of difficultiesof communication: even if young infants can reflect on their experience, theycertainly cannot expressthis aspect of the selfdirectly. 所以一旦题干中出现负方向的词，文中一定会有表示否定的词。

E. 同义词或近义词

剑7 Test1 Passage1

5. Early military usesof echolocation.

雅思阅读的考点就是：定位和同义转化，而段落细节配对定位到了答案也就出现了，所以这道题的解题核心其实就是同义转化，如果考生对同义词和近义词越熟悉，越铭记于心，那么段落细节配对就会找得越快，正确率越高。在段落细节配对中，主要考察的是：上义词和下义词的同义改写，它们也许中文不能一一对应，但是它们是相关的。

以这题为例：military uses军事方面的应用，文中一定细化到：war、weapon、solider、battle、submarine、battlefield、helicopter等。

剑9 Test4 Passage2

15. The role of imitationin developing a sense of identity.

题干中出现imitation, 表示模仿，那么文中一定不会有原文原词，该词的同义词是：simulate、copy、mimic、mock, 而文中出现了：many parents spend a lot of time, particularly inthe early months, copying their infant’svocalizations and expressions.

段落细节配对题，其实并没有我们想象的那般可怕，想要攻克它，其实不难。

第一，熟悉题干中出现的一些有规律的词，数字类，大写类以及否定词。

第二，加大同义词积累的力度，在我们做其他题型时，我们就可以拿笔和纸记录题干和文中定位的句子中出现的同义词，经过5-10篇阅读文章的积累之后，我们会对同义转化有新的认识，不再简单地认为它们意思一样，而这也在潜移默化地帮助我们提高段落细节的正确率。

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