今天雅思无忧小编整理了剑桥雅思8test1阅读passage1 2023年1月7日雅思阅读机经回忆相关信息,希望在这方面能够更好的大家。
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2023年1月7日雅思阅读机经回忆
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Passage1
Passage 1:塑料
1-5 判断题
1.F
2.T casein can soften the ivory and ...
3.T casein分解快速的特性,又再一次吸引大家
4.F
5.NG 环境友好产品可能会越来越便宜
6-13 表格填空
6.destroyed by water
7.skeleton
8.A skeleton of clay
9.dryer
10.Bubbles eliminated by mixing
11.polymysere
12.Similar qualities to ....
13.decomposition
Passage2
Passage 2:猩猩文化
原文:
The culture of chimpanzee
A The similarities between chimpanzees and humans have been studied for years, but in the past decade researchers have determined that these resemblances run much deeper than anyone first thought. For instance, the nut cracking observed in the Taï Forest is far from a simple chimpanzee behavior; rather it is a singular adaptation found only in that particular part of Africa and a trait that biologists consider to be an expression of chimpanzee culture. Scientists frequently use the term "culture" to describe elementary animal behaviors- such as the regional dialects of different populations of songbirds-but as it turns out, the rich and varied cultural traditions found among chimpanzees are second in complexity only to human traditions.
B During the past two years, an unprecedented scientific collaboration, involving every major research group studying chimpanzees, has documented a multitude of distinct cultural patterns extending across Africa, in actions ranging from the animals’ use of tools to their forms of communication and social customs. This emerging picture of chimpanzees not only affects how we think of these amazing creatures but also alters human beings’conception of our own uniqueness and hints at ancient foundations for extraordinary capacity for culture.
C Homo sapiens and Pan troglodytes have coexisted for hundreds of millennia and share more than 98 percent of their genetic material, yet only 40 years ago we still knew next to nothing about chimpanzee behavior in the wild. That began to change in the 1960s, when Toshisada Nishida of Kyoto University in Japan and Jane Goodall began their studies of wild chimpanzees at two field sites in Tanzania. (Goodall’s research station at Gombe-the first of its kind-is more famous, but Nishida’s site at Mahale is the second oldest chimpanzee research site in the world. )
D In these initial studies, as the chimpanzees became accustomed to close observation, the remarkable discoveries began. Researchers witnessed a range of unexpected behaviors, including fashioning and using tools, hunting, meat eating, food sharing and lethal fights between members of neighboring communities.
E As early as 1973, Goodall recorded 13 forms of tool use as well as eight social activities that appeared to differ between the Gombe chimpanzees and chimpanzee populations elsewhere. She ventured that some variations had what she termed a cultural origin. But what exactly did Goodall mean by "culture"? According to the Oxford Encyclopedic English Dictionary, culture is defined as "the customs . . . and achievements of a particular time or people." The diversity of human cultures extends from technological variations to marriage rituals, from culinary habits to myths and legends. Animals do not have myths and legends, of course. But they do have the capacity to pass on behavioral traits from generation to generation, not through their genes but by learning. For biologists, this is the fundamental criterion for a cultural trait: it must be something that can be learned by observing the established skills of others and thus passed on to future generations
F What of the implications for chimpanzees themselves? We must highlight the tragic loss of chimpanzees, whose populations are being decimated just when we are at last coming to appreciate these astonishing animals more completely. Populations have plummeted in the past century and continue to fall as a result of illegal trapping, logging and, most recently, the bushmeat trade. The latter is particularly alarming: logging has driven roadways into the forests that are now used to ship wild-animal meat-including chimpanzee meat-to consumers as far afield as Europe. Such destruction threatens not only the animals themselves but also a host of fascinatingly different ape cultures.
G Perhaps the cultural richness of the ape may yet help in its salvation, however. Some conservation efforts have already altered the attitudes of some local people. A few organizations have begun to show videotapes illustrating the cognitive prowess of chimpanzees. One Zairian viewer was heard to exclaim, "Ah, this ape is so like me, I can no longer eat him. "
H How an international team of chimpanzee experts conducted the most comprehensive survey of the animals ever attempted. Scientists have been investigating chimpanzee culture for several decades, but too often their studies contained a crucial flaw. Most attempts to document cultural diversity among chimpanzees have relied solely on officially published accounts of the behaviors recorded at each research site. But this approach probably overlooks a good deal of cultural variation for three reasons. First, scientists typically don’t publish an extensive list of all the activities they do not see at a particular location. Yet this is exactly what we need to know-which behaviors were and were not observed at each site. Second, many reports describe chimpanzee behaviors without saying how common they are; with- out this information, we can’t determine whether a particular action was a once-in-a-lifetime aberration or a routine event that should be considered part of the animals’ culture. Finally, researchers’ deions of potentially significant chimpanzee behaviors frequently lack sufficient detail, making it difficult for scientists working at other spots to record the presence or absence of the activities.
J To remedy these problems, the two of us decided to take a new approach. We asked field researchers at each site for a list of all the behaviors they suspected were local traditions. With this information in hand, we pulled together a comprehensive list of 65 candidates for cultural behaviors.
K Then we distributed our list to the team leaders at each site. In consultation with their colleagues, they classified each behavior in terms of its occurrence or absence in the chimpanzee community studied. The key categories were customary behavior (occurs in most or all of the able-bodied members of at least one age or sex class, such as all * males), habitual (less common than customary but occurs repeatedly in several individuals), present (seen at the site but not habitual), absent (never seen), and unknown.
题目:
Which paragraph contains the following information?
Write the correct letter G-K, in boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet.
1. A problem of researchers on chimpanzee culture which are only based on official sources.
2. Design a new system by two scientists aims to solve the problem.
3. Reasons why previous research on ape culture is problematic.
4. Classification of data observed or collected.
5. An example that showing tragic outcome of animals leading to indication of change in local people’s attitude in preservation
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?
TRUE if the statement is true
FALSE if the statement is false
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2021年8月21日雅思阅读考试真题回忆
对于刚刚完成的8月21日的雅思考试,很多学生对于它的真题回顾比较感兴趣。那么这次的雅思考试都考了哪些方向的题目?随来看看2021年8月21日雅思的阅读考试真题回顾。
一、2021年8月21日雅思阅读真题与答案
Passage1:泰晤士河隧道
题型:判断+填空
1-8 判断
1. NOT GIVEN
2. TRUE
3. TURE
4. FALSE
5. TURE
6. NOT GIVEN
7. 待补充
8. FALSE
9-13 填空
9. technique
10. solidarity
11. headaches
12. accidents
13. government
Passage2:针对孩子的广告
题型:匹配+填空+选择14-20 匹配待回忆
21-23 填空
21.role-play
22.selling23.persuasive intend
24-25 选择
24.E25.B
Passage3: 植物如何传播种子
题型:待补充
二、雅思阅读考试要点
1、时间永远是您的敌人
在IELTS阅读测试中,TIME对绝大部分学生,特别是英文阅读水平相对一般的学生来说,更尤为至关重要。即使是英语为母语的人(NATIVE-ENGLISH SPEAKER)也无法在IELTS测试规定的时间内完全理解所有的词汇。因此,一定控制好TIME。
2、所问所答
IELTS测试的金玉良言就是:"所问所答"。首先,要完全了解问题的类型,及根据所提供的信息,再去回答问题。有的学生在参加完IELTS测试后总感觉所得分数与自己估算的分数相差甚远,原因无它,就在于对问题理解不够彻底,因此,也就无法对所提问题做到精确回答。
3、系统地制定学习计划
大部分参加(GENERAL MODULE)普通类测试的考生都已离开学校多年,甚至很长时间没有继续英文方面的学习。因此,必须尽量每天安排一定的时间,比如说每天一小时,并根据自身英文情况制定一个学习计划,稳步、系统地学习。阅读训练:争取每天阅读一定量的原版英文报刊、书籍,并非要读懂每一个字,或完全理解,只要能理解其中大至含义既可。可采取3:1的比例进行泛读与精读。
4、增加阅读速度
要增加英语阅读的速度,当然并非一朝一日即可达到。通常需要相当长一段时间的学习及训练。但无论如何,应加强英文基础训练,掌握必要的测试技巧,从而在现有的英文基础之上取得的成绩。
三、雅思阅读答题技巧
1、顺序细节题(except Matching题)基本上按顺序出题, 偶尔一两个题乱序
2、第一题一般根据头两段, 最后一题一般根据最后一段
3、考点插图一般有考点, 括号/引号里常有考点
4、转折词后常有考点
5、T/F/NG题出现only80%选FALSE, 出现some, most一般选TRUE
6、NG很少连续出现, T:F:NG = 2:2:1
7、Multiple Choice题All of the above 90%是正确答案
8、多选题的答案一般会集中出现
9、LOH题 &Matching题出现prediction, suggestion, solution等字眼一般在最后一段
10、Summary题一般有一两个题目需要自己归纳概括, 尤其要注意被动语态
11、图表题冒号/破折号后面常常是图表题的答案出处
12、图表题根据原文具体某一段话
雅思阅读话题:人文科学
很多烤鸭们备考雅思阅读的时候发现即使自己背了很多词汇,阅读方法也掌握了不少,但正确率仍旧不是很高,而且速度不够快。通过实际教学经验发现,这其中的一个主要原因在于烤鸭们对于雅思阅读考察的话题不熟悉。为了解决烤鸭们的这个难题,专家对雅思阅读的话题进行了归类总结,让烤鸭们在考场上找到一种“他乡遇故人”的感觉,同时也给出了烤鸭们做阅读的一些方法建议,让烤鸭们在考场上不只是“他乡遇故人”更要“知故人”。
经过对历年的雅思阅读考试的分析,阅读话题主要有两大类,分别是自然科学类和人文社科类。上文中我们已经探讨过自然科学类的话题,本文将重点对人文科学类话题的文章进行分析。雅思阅读人文科学类的话题主要分为三大块:教育类,语言学类,发展史。同时还会涉及到企业管理和心理类。
1. 教育类
首先,教育类的话题一直是雅思考试阅读部分的热门话题。在2021年的考试中,主要涉及到了儿童的性格,欧洲女子教育,儿童心理教育,儿童情感发展,教育方法的研究,噪音对儿童的影响,儿童文学,家长参与教育,天才教育,学习历史的意义。在2021年上半年的考试来看,教育类涉及到了学术道德,阅读方法的探讨,年轻人当父母,澳大利亚文盲。从去年及今年上半年的教育类话题分析,儿童教育及家庭教育是教育类话题的中心。在剑桥雅思真题集中这类型话题的分布也很广泛,比如剑桥5 Test3 passage1 “Early Childhood Education”, 这篇文章主要是关于儿童教育的,讲解了两个项目'Headstart' programme和'Missouri' programme; 剑桥6 Test4 passage2 “Do Literate Women Make Better Mothers?”, 这篇文章讨论了高学历女性是否可以是更好的妈妈,有关儿童的家长问题。剑桥8 Test4 Passage1 'Land of the Rising Sum' 探讨了日本的数学教育。
因此,各位烤鸭应多关注一下这类型的文章,如果没有时间进行课外泛读,也可以对剑桥雅思真题集4-8的教育类文章先进行限时训练,做完对了答案将错误修改之后,建议烤鸭们在这时千万别以为这篇文章就已经做完了,一定要再对整篇文章进行泛读,每段的大意应该知道,并最好用中文标在每段后面,然后把每段主题句中的关键词标出来,如果有不认识的最好摘下来。这样到了考场上才能真正体会到“他乡知故人”,否则,只是遇到了但不够熟悉,做题时仍然会比较困难。
2. 语言类
雅思阅读人文科学类的第二大话题就是语言类。从2021年全年来看,主要涉及到语言的传播,笔译,国际公司的外语策略培训,语言对商业的作用,语言的起源,语言的消失,对语言发展的态度。在 2021年上半年来看,语言类话题主要有交流与文化,语义的理解,双语学习的利弊。从去年到今年上半年,语言类话题主要涉及到了语言对商业,文化等的影响,语言的保护以及语言与教育的结合。这类型话题在剑桥雅思真题集中也有广泛分布,比如:剑桥4 Test2 Passage1 Lost for Words, 这篇文章主要讲解了少数语言的消亡,探讨了语言消亡的原因以及相应的解决办法。除此之外,剑桥4 Test3 Passage3 Obtaining Linguistic Data也是关于语言的,这篇文章相对比较专业化,讲述了获取语料的方法并讨论了这些方法的利弊,但即使这样做这篇文章时也不需要理解那些专业化的词汇。剑桥5 Test2 Passage3 The Birth of Scientific English, 这篇文章结合了语言与发展史,讲述了科学英语的诞生及发展。烤鸭们在遇到这类型的话题时,很多都会觉得相当困难,除非有些烤鸭们的专业就是语言学专业。因为语言学本身就包括了很多分支比如语音学,词汇学,句法学等等。每一个分支都会有很多相关的专业术语,烤鸭们尤其是还在读高中的小烤鸭们会觉得异常难懂,但是要记住一点:雅思考试的一大特色就是“非专业性”。也就是说,虽然考试中会考到很多有关语言学的内容,但是大多是关于语言传播方式,如何保护语言等等比较简单易懂的方面,并不会出现太专业性的内容。即使有专业词汇出现,也应该感到高兴,因为它们不会涉及同意转换。
3. 发展史
第三类的话题就是有关各种事物的发展史。2021年的雅思阅读考试中主要涉及到了欧洲印刷术,古人记事,茶的历史与发展,加拿大移民史,英国战后农业政策,澳大利亚羊毛产业,非洲部落发展等。2021年上半年的雅思阅读考试中主要有管理学之父彼得德鲁克,远古电脑,奥运火炬演变发展,剧院,超市模式的诞生,地图的发展状况,英国人的农业发明-犁地机,小提琴*,库克发现新大陆。这类型话题在剑桥雅思真题集中也有体现,比如:剑桥5 Test1 Passage1 'Johnson's Dictionary', 这篇文章讲述了约翰字典的发展历史,相对来说比较容易理解,而且题目也比较容易做。Test2 Passage1 The Birth of Modern Plastics, 这篇文章论述了现代塑料的发展历程,并讲解了*过程。专业术语较多,但没有同意转换,因此这些专业术语不会影响做题。剑桥7 Test1 Passage2 'Making Every Drop Count', 这篇文章涉及到了人类用水的情况。剑桥8 Test1 Passage1 A Chronicle of Time Keeping, 这篇文章是很典型的发展史类的阅读文章,讲述了计时器的发展历史,讲述的是有史以来不同国家发明的钟表和计时器,也可当作钟表或计时器的发展史来准备这个话题。这类话题是各位烤鸭们必需关注的话题,原因很简单,所有的东西都有历史、有来由,而且这也是近期考试的一个主要话题。考生不可能准备所有的发展史,但是备考过程中完全放弃又很可惜,所以在所有的发展史中,那些曾经考过的发展史考生一定要列为重点准备的内容。比如说“Co*etic Painting”讲述了化妆品发展的历史,从野人时代到现代,但是讲述现代化妆的比较少,主要是对比古代。“人类货币的进化史”,提到了巴比伦货币,中国货币,日本货币,非洲货币等等,以及剑桥雅思真题集上给出的文章一定要做到。
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