雅思考试试题历年真题及答案详解 剑桥雅思考试全真试题集9的口语题型

上升基海环球雅思名师：李宁（剑桥国际考试委员会IGCSE & A Level口语考官）剑9口语发布： Part 1
我国比较流行的游戏是什么？为什么？　　你玩游戏吗？为什么？　　是如何学习玩这种游戏的？　　你认为玩游戏重要吗？为什么？
Part 2
描述一条你喜欢的街道或者户外集市
Part 3
喜欢户外的集市吗（携纯*食品/衣服/旧东西）？ 哪种集市最流行？　　你认为集市更加适合*一些特别的东西吗？举例。为什么喜欢？　　老年人和年轻人对购物的态度是否一致？为什么？　　比起在购物市场购物，在商店购物的好处是什么？　　广告影响人的购物吗？对于每个人都一样吗？　　人们生活方式的改变是否影响到了他们的购物方式吗？为什么？ Part 1
我们一般何时赠送礼物？　　当您拜访别人的时候会带礼物吗？为什么？　　上一次你是何时收到礼物的？为什么？　　你喜欢为别人挑选礼物吗？为什么？
Part 2
描述一件你最近做的让别人激动的事情
Part 3
为什么一些人喜欢尝试新的事物？　　当他们第一次尝试新事物的时候会遇到什么问题？　　你认为学习新的东西是自学还是和大伙一起学？为什么？　　当孩子还小的时候孩子们一般学习什么？它们怎么重要了？　　你认为孩子和成人学习新知识的方法是否相同？他们学习的方式有什么不同？　　现今学习新知识和过去相比是否越发的重要了？你同意/不同意？为什么？ Part 1
多久打一次*？为什么？　吵隐谨　你和谁打*的时间花的最多？为什么？　　下次*是何时？为什么？　　你有时候是不是更喜欢发短信而不是打*？为什么？
Part 2
描写一次旅行（乘坐：汽车、飞机、船）
Part 3
为什么人们需要每天旅行？　　人们在每天去上班/学习的途中一般会遇到什么问题？ 为什么？　　你同意/不同意：在不久的将来一些人说我们每天像这样的旅行不会这么样的常见？　　你认为人们去国外旅行能学到什么？为什么？　　旅游会给目的地国家带来经济效益吗？如何带来？　　你认为大家出国旅行对自己国家有好处吗？为什么？ Part 1
你们国家自行车流行吗？为什么？　　你多久骑一次车？为什么？　　自行车是否适应各种年龄段的人？为什么？　　和汽车相比自行车的好处在哪里？为什么？
Part 2
描写一个经常帮助别人的人
Part 3
举例说明：人们在社区中是如何互相帮助的？哪个是最重要的？　　为什么人们喜欢互相帮助？　　你同意/不同意：在现今的社区中人们比起以前更加助人为乐了？　　在你住的社区人们能够使用到什么类型的服务设施，比如图书馆/健身中心？你认为这些设施足够吗？　　哪些人最需要社区的帮助？为什么?　　你认为谁应当支付社区服务的费用：*还是个人？

READING PASSAGE 2

You are advised to spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-25 which are based on Reading Passage 2, "The Muang Faai Irrigation System of Northern Thailand".

Questions 14-19

Reading Passage 2 has 7 sections.

Choose the most suitable heading for each section from the list of headings (A-L) below. Write the appropriate letter (A-L) in boxes 14-19 on your answer sheet.

N.B. There are more headings than sections, so you will not use all of them.

List of Headings

A) Rituals and beliefs

B) Topography of Northern Thailand

C) The forests of Northern Thailand

D) Preserving the system

E) Agricultural practices

F) Village life

G) Water distribution principles

H) Maintaining natural balances

I) Structure of the irrigation system

J) User's rights

K) User's obligations

L) Community control

14. Section 1

15. Section 2

16. Section 3

17. Section 4

Answer

Example Section 5 A

18. Section 6

19. Section 7

THE MUANG FAAI IRRIGATION SYSTEM OF NORTHERN THAILAND

SECTION 1

Northern Thailand consists mainly of long mountain chains interspersed with valley bottoms where streams and rice fields dominate the landscape. Most of the remaining forests of the North are found at higher altitudes. The forests ensure regular seasonal rainfall for the whole area and at the same time moderate runoff, so that there is water throughout the year.

SECTION 2

The lowland communities have developed an agricultural system adapted to, and partially determining, the distinctive ecosystems of their areas. Practicing wet-rice agriculture in the valley-bottoms, the lowlanders also raise pigs, ducks and chickens and cultivate vegetable gardens in their villages further up the slopes. Rice, beans, corn and native vegetables are planted in hill fields above the villages, and wild vegetables and herbal medicines are gathered and wild game hunted in the forests higher up the hillsides. The forests also serve as grazing grounds for cows and buffalo, and are a source of wood for household utensils, cooking fuel, construction and farming tools. Fish are to be found in the streams and in the irrigation system and wet-rice fields, providing both food and pest control.

SECTION 3

In its essentials, a muang faai system consists of a *all reservoir which feeds an intricate, branching network of *all channels carrying water in carefully calibrated quantities through clusters of rice terraces in valley bottoms. The system taps into a stream above the highest rice field and, when there is sufficient water, discharges back into the same stream at a point below the bottom field. The water in the reservoir at the top, which is diverted into a main channel (Iam muang) and from there into the different fields, is slowed or held back not by an impervious dam, but by a series of barriers constructed of bunches of bamboo or saplings which allow silt, soil and sand to pass through.

SECTION 4

Water from the Iam muang is measured out among the farmers according to the extent of their rice fields and the amount of water available from the main channel. Also considered are the height of the fields, their distance from the main channel and their soil type. The size and depth of side-channels are then adjusted so that only the allocated amount of water flows into each farmer's field.

SECTION 5

Rituals and beliefs connected with muang faai reflect the villagers' submission to, respect for, and friendship with nature, rather than an attempt to master it . In mountains, forests, watersheds and water, villagers see things of great value and power. This power has a favourable aspect, and one that benefits humans. But at the same time, if certain boundaries are overstepped and nature is damaged, the spirits will punish humans. Therefore, when it is necessary to use nature for the necessities of life, villagers take care to inform the spirits what they intend to do, simultaneously begging pardon for their actions.

SECTION 6

Keeping a muang faai system going demands cooperation and collective management, sometimes within a single village, sometimes across three or four different subdistricts including many villages. The rules or common agreements arrived at during the yearly meeting amount to a social contract. They govern how water is to be distributed, how flow is to be controlled according to seasonal schedules, how barriers are to be maintained and channels dredged, how conflicts over water use are to be settled, and how the forest around the reservoir is to be preserved as a guarantee of a steady water supply and a source of materials to repair the system.

SECTION 7

The fundamental principle of water rights under muang faai is that everyone in the system must get enough to survive; while many patterns of distribution are possible, none can violate this basic tenet. On the whole, the systems also rest on the assumption that local water is common property. No one can take control of it by force, and it must be used in accord with the communal agreements. Although there are inequalities in land holding, no one has the right to an excessive amount of fertile land. The way in which many muang faai systems expand tends to reinforce further the claims of community security over those of individual entrepreneurship. In the gradual process of opening up new land and digging connecting channels, each local household often ends up with scattered holdings over the whole irrigation areas. Unlike modern irrigation systems, under which the most powerful people generally end up closest to the sources of water, this arrangement encourages everyone to take care that no part of the system is unduly favoured or neglected.

Questions 20-23

The chart below illustrates the agricultural system of the lowland communities.

Select words from Reading Passage 2 to fill the spaces in the chart. Use UP TO THREE WORDS for each space. Write your answers in boxes 20-23 on your answer sheet.

Area Activity

Example

Forests

grazing cows, buffalo

Forests

Hill fields

Villages

Valley bottom gathering …… (20) ……, hunting wild animals

cultivating …… (21) ……

raising …… (22) …… cultivating vegetables

growing …… (23) ……

Question 24

From the list below, select the three main structures which constitute the muang faai irrigation system. Write the THREE appropriate letters, in any order, in box 24 on your answer sheet.

A) channels

B) saplings

C) dam

D) barriers

E) reservoir

F) water

Question 25

From the list below, select two criteria for allocating water to farmers. Write TWO appropriate letters, in any order, in box 25 on your answer sheet.

A) field characteristics

B) social status

C) location of field

D) height of barriers

E) fees paid

F) water available