怎么查询往年的雅思成绩 2021年雅思评分标准什么样的?跟往年一样吗

以前年度的英语四级成绩在网上是可以查到的。首先想要查询以前年度的英语四级成绩需要先登录教育部考试中心成绩查询系统，然后按照相关的系统指示进行下一步操作，根据系统所需要的内容输入自己的相关个人信息，就可以进行查询。

原快速阅读理解调整为长篇阅读理解，篇章长度和难度不变。篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。

每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。有的段落可能对应两题，有的段落可能不对应任何一题。

笔试在每年6月和12月各一次；口试在笔试前进行，每年5月和11月各一次。2021年上半年英语四六级考试时间为6月16日，下半年为12月14日。

雅思听力一直是考试的重点，那么雅思听力往年的原题有哪些呢？下面是我整理的雅思听力往年原题。这是不少出国人士很是关心的问题，和雅思栏目一起来了解相关资讯，欢迎阅读。

雅思听力往年原题

Study Finds Web Antifraud Measure Ineffective

Published: February 5, 2007 New York Times

1. Internet security experts have long known that simple passwords do not fully defend online bank accounts from determined fraud artists. Now a study suggests that a popular secondary security measure provides little additional protection.

2.The study, produced jointly by researchers at Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, looked at a technology called site-authentication images. In the system, currently used by financial institutions like Bank of America, ING Direct and Vanguard, online banking customers are asked to select an image, like a dog or chess piece, that they will see every time they log in to their account.

3.The idea is that if customers do not see their image, they could be at a fraudulent Web site, dummied up to look like their bank’s, and should not enter their passwords.

4.The Harvard and M.I.T. researchers tested that hypothesis. In October, they brought 67 Bank of America customers in the Boston area into a controlled environment and asked them to conduct routine online banking activities, like looking up account balances. But the researchers had secretly withdrawn the images.

5.Of 60 participants who got that far into the study and whose results could be verified, 58 entered passwords anyway. Only two chose not to log on, citing security concerns.

6.“The premise is that site-authentication images increase security because customers will not enter their passwords if they do not see the correct image,” said Stuart Schechter, a computer scientist at the M.I.T. Lincoln Laboratory. “From the study we learned that the premise is right less than 10 percent of the time.”

7.He added: “If a bank were to ask me if they should deploy it, I would say no, wait for something better,” he said.

8.The system has some high-power supporters in the financial services world, many trying to comply with new online banking regulations. In 2005, the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council, an interagency body of federal banking regulators, determined that passwords alone did not effectively thwart intruders like identity thieves.

9.It issued new guidelines, asking financial Web sites to find better ways for banks and customers to identify each other online. January 2007 was set as the compliance date, though the council has yet to begin enforcing the mandate.

10.Banks immediately knew what they did not want to do: ask customers to download new security software, or carry around hardware devices that feed them PIN codes they can use to authenticate their identities. Both solutions would add an extra layer of security but, the banks believed, detract from the convenience of online banking.

11.The image system, introduced in 2004 by a Silicon Valley firm called PassMark Security, offered banks a pain-free addition to their security arsenals. Bank of America was among the first to adopt it, in June 2005, under the brand name SiteKey, asking its 21 million Web site users to select an image from thousands of possible choices and to choose a unique phrase they would see every time they logged in.

12.SiteKey “gives our customers a fairly easy way of authenticating the Bank of America Web site,” said Sanjay Gupta, an e-commerce executive at the bank. “It was very well received.”

13.The Harvard and M.I.T. researchers, however, found that most online banking customers did not notice when the SiteKey images were absent. When respondents logged in during the study, they saw a site maintenance message on the screen where their image and phrases should have been pictured. The error message also had a conspicuous spelling mistake, further suggesting something fishy.

14.Mr. Gupta of Bank of America said he was not troubled by the results of the survey, and stressed that SiteKey had made the bank’s Web site more secure. He also said that the system was only a single part of a larger security blanket. “It’s not like we’re betting the bank on SiteKey,” he said.

15.Most financial institutions, like Bank of America, have other ways to tell if a customer is legitimate. The banks often drop a *all software program, called a cookie, onto a user’s PC to associate the computer with the customer. If the customer logs in from another machine, he may be asked personal questions, like his mother’s maiden name.

16.Rachna Dhamija, the Harvard researcher who conducted the study, points out that swindlers can use their dummy Web sites to ask customers those personal questions. She said that the study demonstrated that site-authentication images are fundamentally flawed and, worse, might actually detract from security by giving users a false sense of confidence.

17.RSA Security, the company that bought PassMark last year, “has a lot of great data on how SiteKey instills trust and confidence and good feelings in their customers,” Ms. Dhamija said. “Ultimately that might be why they adopted it. Sometimes the appearance of security is more important than security itself.”

(811 words )

Questions 1-5

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the passage? Please write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the writer

FALSE if the statement does not agree with the writer

NOT GIVEN if there is no information about this in the passage

1.According to internet security experts, secondary security measures provide little additional protection against fraud.

2.In the Harvard and MIT study, two subjects didn’t log on without seeing the correct pictures.

3.According to Schechter, more than 90% of online banking customers studied logged on without seeing the right pictures.

4.The image system is the only security measure that the banks mentioned in the passage have currently.

5.Bank of America is the first bank that adopted the image system.

Questions 6-13

Answer the following questions or complete the following sentences by choosing NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

6.What is ING Direct and Vanguard?

7.What might online banking customers be cheated to give at a fraudulent Web site?

8.What may stop online banking customers from using new verification methods?

9.The key to online banking security is to verify the ______ of customers.

10.Where is PassMark Security located?

11.What is the reason why SiteKey is popular among online banking customers?

12.What was used instead of images in the Harvard and M.I.T. study?

13.How many security methods are mentioned in this passage?

1. 第一段“Now a study suggests that a popular secondary security measure provides little additional protection.”似与问题文字很接近，但是原文中a popular secondary security measure是指特定的一个措施，而非泛指所有secondary security measure。原文没有其它secondary security measure安全有效性的内容。故应选择NG。

2. 见第4、5段内容。第四段 “But the researchers had secretly withdrawn the images.”即研究人员撤下了图形，第五段“Only two chose not to log on, citing security concerns.”，有两个人因为安全考虑未进入。

3. T 见第6段。

4. F 见第11、14段。

5. F 见第11段“Bank of America was among the first to adopt it”，可见首批采用图形识别软件的银行并非Bank of America一家。

6. A financial institution 见第二段。

7. (their) passwords 见第三段。

8. less convenience 见第十段。

9. identity 见第八、十段。

10. Silicon Valley 见第十一段。

11. easy to use 见第十二段。

12. site maintenance message 见第十三段“When respondents logged in during the study, they saw a site maintenance message on the screen where their image and phrases should have been pictured.”

13. 4 分别见第十段的“download new security software”和“hardware devices that feed them PIN codes”，第十五段的“a *all software program, called a cookie”，以及本文提到的site-authentication images。

2021年雅思考试评分标准
2021年雅思考试已经开始报名了，今天小编给大家科普一下2021年雅思考试评分标准，希望能都帮助大家更准确的备考2021年雅思考试。
雅思考试的所有阅卷工作由经过训练的评分人员和考官在考试中心进行。
评分人员受过专门训练，了解雅思评分相关政策，而且切实做到按照评分标准给听力和阅读考卷评分。每隔一年对评分人员进行测评，以确保评分符合标准。在每个考试中心，会进行系统化的监测，并对一定比例的答题纸实施双重阅卷。
对于雅思写作和口语考官的招聘和培训按照既定标准进行。除了会持续监测考官的表现之外，还会每隔一年测评考官，以确保按照标准评分。
计分方式
考试成绩记录在成绩单上，包括一个总分，及听力、阅读、写作和口语四个单项分，考生的考试成绩采用1 – 9分的评分制来测评，四个项目独立记分，最后所得成绩取四项成绩的平均值。总分和四个单项分均允许半分。
雅思考试成绩单于笔试考试日后的第10个工作日签发。雅思考试主办方不保证超过两年的成绩单的有效性。(通常有效期为两年)
考生可以在考试后提交接受成绩单的院校地址，并获得免费寄送5份成绩单服务。
评分系统
雅思考试采用国际认可的9分制评分系统，准确反映考生的语言水平。每个雅思分数级别均有对应的语言能力描述。
雅思考试的九个分数段及所对应的语言能力描述如下：
9分 专家水平
接近母语为英语人士水平
具有完全的英语运用能力，做到适当、精确、流利并能完全理解语言。
8分 优秀水平
非常流利，基本没有错误
能将英语运用自如,只是有零星的错误或用词不当。在不熟悉语境下可能出现误解，可将复杂细节的争论掌握的相当好。
7分 良好水平
流利，准确，偶有错误
能有效运用英语,虽然偶尔出现不准确、不适当和误解。大致可将复杂的英语掌握的不错，也能理解详细的推理。
6分 合格水平
能够较流利使用英语
大致能有效运用英语，虽然有不准确、不适当和误解发生但能使用并理解比较复杂的英语，特别是在熟悉的语境下。
5分 基础水平
基本掌握英语，能进行日常交流
可部分运用英语，在大多数情况下可明白大致的意思。虽然经常出现错误，但在经常涉及的领域内可应付基本的沟通。
4分 有限水平
有较多错误，但能表达基本意思
只限在熟悉的状况下有基本的理解力，在理解与表达上常发生问题，无法使用复杂英语。
3分 极有限水平
可进行简单沟通
在极熟悉的情况下也只能进行一般的沟通，频繁发生沟通障碍。
2分 初学水平
掌握简单词组
除非在熟悉的语境下，几乎只能使用孤立单词或短句表达最基本的信息，不能达成有效沟通。难以听懂或者看懂英语。
1分 不懂英语
掌握个别单词，几乎无法交流
最多能说出个别单词，根本无法用英语沟通。
评分标准
所有雅思考试的评分都是由经过专业培训的评卷官和考官在考试中心完成的。考试成绩记录在成绩单上，包括一个总分，及听力、阅读、写作和口语四个单项分，考生的考试成绩采用1-9分的评分制来测评，四个项目独立记分，最后所得成绩取四项成绩的平均值。总分和四个单项分均允许半分。
总成绩
考试成绩记录在成绩单上，包括一个总分，及听力、阅读、写作和口语四个单项分，成绩从1分至9分不等，每一项的分数权重相同。总分即是四个部分所得分数经过平均后四舍五入的成绩。
总分会以最接近的整分或半分报告。为了避免疑惑，采用以下取整规定：如果平均成绩的小数位是.25，就四舍五入到下个半分档;如果平均成绩的小数位是.75，就四舍五入到下一整分档。
总成绩计算四舍五入查分表

四部分得分相加
平均分
总成绩

36 9 9
35.5 8.875 9
35 8.75 9
34.5 8.625 8.5
34 8.5 8.5
33.5 8.375 8.5
33 8.25 8.5
32.5 8.125 8
32 8 8
31.5 7.875 8
31 7.75 8
30.5 7.625 7.5
30 7.5 7.5
29.5 7.375 7.5
29 7.25 7.5
28.5 7.125 7
28 7 7
27.5 6.875 7
27 6.75 7
26.5 6.625 6.5
26 6.5 6.5
25.5 6.375 6.5
25 6.25 6.5

四部分得分相加
平均分
总成绩

24.5 6.125 6
24 6 6
23.5 5.875 6
23 5.75 6
22.5 5.625 5.5
22 5.5 5.5
21.5 5.375 5.5
21 5.25 5.5
20.5 5.125 5
20 5 5
19.5 4.875 5
19 4.75 5
18.5 4.625 4.5
18 4.5 4.5
17.5 4.375 4.5
17 4.25 4.5
16.5 4.125 4
16 4 4
15.5 3.875 4
15 3.75 4
14.5 3.625 3.5
14 3.5 3.5
13.5 3.375 3.5
听力和阅读
listening

等级分
原始分

5 16
6 23
7 30
8 35
acdemic reading

等级分
原始分

5 15
6 23
7 30
8 35
general training reading

等级分
原始分

4 15
5 23
6 30
7 34
写作和口语
在写作和口语部分考官是根据详细的考生表现评分标准给考生打分的，即考官通过考生在写作和口语考试中的表现来评定其成绩属于9分制中的哪一等级。
写作
考官给以下四项分别评等级分：任务完成情况(Task 1)/任务回答情况(Task 2)，连贯与衔接，词汇变换、句式多样性和语法准确性。这四方面所占权重相同。
口语
考官也是按四项标准分别评等级分：语言的流利度和连贯性，词汇变换，句式丰富性和语法准确性，发音。同样，这四方面是同等重要的。写作和口语各个成绩等级的要求已经给出，便于相关人员更加了解各个分数的相关评分标准。雅思考官经常进行集中深入的面对面的标准化培训，以确保有效、准确地应用评分标准。