雅思写作作文之谁来维护博物馆

大作文题目为：Report shows that it is increasingly expensive to keep museums open to public. Find the best way to fund museums among these funding possibilities—governments, businesses, individuals.Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

大作文解析&审题

本题是一个关于博物馆新题。在以往的 中，关于博物馆的话题多集中在：(1)怎样鼓励本地人去博物馆?(2)在网络时代下博物馆是否还有必要;(3)博物馆是否应该收门票?本次的问题则转换了角度：博物馆应该从哪里获得资助，*还是个人?

本次考试的提问方式可能也让很多同学懵圈。按照以往雅思作文的提问方式，本作文可以这样问：有人认为资助博物馆的最好方式是*投资，其他人则认为个人捐款才是最好的方式，请给出你的观点。如果这样提问，很多同学可能就不会那么困惑了。其实，不管题目怎样问，我们的同学在审题的时候，都要先努力搞清楚题目到底要求我们讨论什么。比如，本题要求“在所有可能的方式中，找到最好的资助方式—*、企业还是个人”，那其实很显然，题目要求你去比较这三种方式，然后提出最好的办法。

在本范文中，唐老师认为*投资永远是博物馆获得资助的最佳方式;企业和个人捐款虽然可以解决*投资不足的难题，但往往有个人的需要从而损害博物馆的公众形象。朝着思路写，本题迎刃而解。各位烤鸭，你是这样写的吗?

大作文范文

Many museums have been faced with financial problems over the past years of recession and lagging economic recovery. As it is increasingly expensive to maintain museums, sufficient money must be raised from both government sources and private (either businesses or individuals) donations, in order to keep them open to public.

在过去几年的经济衰退和缓慢的经济复苏中，许多博物馆都面临着财政问题。由于维持博物馆的费用越来越高，为使其向公众开放，必须要筹集足够的资金，不管是来自*来源还是私人(企业或个人)捐款。

解析

(1) 第一段提出话题：博物馆需要从*或者个人获得资金来维持运转。

(2) be faced with... 面临......

(3) recession 倒退

(4) lagging 落后的;缓慢的

(5) maintain 维持;维修

Investment from governments must form a bigger proportion of the income of many museums at different levels. As a major way to fund museums, the public sector should always do more, and there may be no substitutes for the government support for museums, especially in the long-lasting financial crisis when that government support is more urgently needed. Although, in the face of such adversity, museums have shown great resilience and creativity in generating new sources of revenue, those troubled institutions can only be sustained with stronger government backing. Considering that museums preserve a country’s collective memory for future generations, the importance of public funding in museums could never be overestimated.

来自*的投资必须在各级博物馆的收入中占更大的比例。作为资助博物馆的一种主要方式，公共部门应该总是做得更多，*对博物馆的支持也许是无可替代的，尤其是在长期的金融危机中，更迫切需要*的财政支持。尽管面对这样的困境，博物馆在获得新的收入来源方面表现出极大的弹性和创造力，但对于那些陷入困境的机构只有在*的支持下才能维持下去。考虑到博物馆为子孙后代保存一个国家的集体记忆，博物馆公共资金的重要性再怎么估计也不为过。

解析

(1) 本段主要论述*投资的重要性，以及原因。

(2) proportion 部分

(3) substitute 替代品

(4) urgently 急迫地

(5) adversity 不利的环境;对手

(6) resilience 弹性

(7) generate 产生

(8) sustain 持续;维持

(9) overestimate 过高估计

Private donations also occupy an important part in keeping a museum, especially when government funding is limited. This way of funding can be done by providing money for new programs and spaces, as well as giving works of art as gifts to the museum’s collections. The museums may in turn tailor themselves to the needs of the donors by affording certain privileges to them, including the right to use the museum’s space to hold some special events such as promotion campaigns. This has given rise to complaints and worries in the general public that receiving individual donations may leave the museums ruined.

私人捐款在博物馆的保存中也占有重要的地位，特别是在*资金有限的情况下。这种资助方式可以通过为新的项目和空间提供资金，或把艺术品赠送给博物馆收藏来实现。反过来，博物馆也可以根据捐款者的需要进行调整，给予他们一定的特权，包括使用博物馆举办一些特别活动，如宣传活动。这已引起普通市民的投诉和忧虑，担心接受个人捐赠可能毁掉博物馆。

解析

(1) 本段主要论述私人捐款的作用及其问题：好处是补充*投资，坏处是可能损坏博物馆。

(2) occupy 占据

(3) in turn 反过来

(4) tailor oneself to the needs of... 调整自己以适应......的需求

(5) afford 给与

(6) give rise to... 引起

In my view, among all the funding possibilities, government funding should always remain the best way of operating a museum, because it can ensure the maximum independence of the museum as an institution to educate the public. Donations from the private sector are necessary only when the museum cannot obtain sufficient support from the government and are acceptable only on the condition that they do not interfere with the public roles of the museum.

在我看来，在所有的资助可能性中，*的资助应该始终是博物馆运作的最佳方式，因为它可以最大限度地确保博物馆作为一个教育公众机构的独立性。只有当博物馆不能获得足够的*支持时，私人领域的捐赠才是必要的，而且只有在不妨碍博物馆的公众功能的条件下才能接受。

解析

(1) 本段给出自己的观点：*资助是最佳办法，同时提出接受私人捐赠的两个前提：*资助不够，私人不妨碍博物馆的正常功能。

(2) operate 运作;操作

(3) ensure 确保

(4) maximum 最大的

(5) sufficient 足够的

(6) on the condition that... 以......为条件

(7) interfere with 干涉;妨碍

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